3 Basic Principles of Sound

Principles Of Sound:

When sound waves strikes an object, it encounters one of three possible outcomes:

Reflection- Where sound waves bounce back.

Absorption- When the waves pass through the obstacle itself.

Diffusion- The scattering of sound waves due to impact is referred to as diffusion.

Regenerating The dead space under Kathipara Connector

How do we process Urban noise ? Secret revealed !!!

Standing wave 

How do we process Urban Noise ?Secret revealed !!!
water flowing at a certain velocity from  a specific height and even birds chirp  has the same frequency  as Urban noise in this case Car honking Aeroplane noise ,etc  so when two sound of the same frequency are merged IN THE opposite direction  STANDING WAVES ARE CREATED.
WHAT ARE STANDING WAVES ?A standing wave – also known as a stationary wave – is a wave that remains in a constant position.This phenomenon can occur because the medium is moving in the opposite direction to the wave, or it can arise in a stationary medium as a result of interference between two wa  ves traveling in opposite directions.  

Aural Installation :How to mask Urban Noise with Flow of water and Birds Chirp

6 reasons why we should process urban noise ?why is it so important ?

Significance:Urban Noise as a Threat: Negative Impacts 

Noise is an underestimated threat that can cause a number of short- and long-term health problems, such as for example sleep disturbance, 
cardiovascular effects, 
poorer work and 
school performance,
 hearing impairment,
 aggression,
restlenesness,
unrest,
violence
etc.

Identifying the Issues due to the alarming increase of Urban Noise:

Coronary heart disease caused 101,000 deaths in the UK in 2006, and the study suggests that 3,030 of these are caused by chronic noise exposure, including to daytime traffic.  Extinction of bird community in the urban scenario due the rising threat of urban noise .
How many people are affected?
1.about 40% of the population in EU countries is exposed to road traffic noise at levels exceeding 55 db(A)
2. 20% is exposed to levels exceeding 65 dB(A) during the daytime; and
more than 30% is exposed to levels exceeding 55 dB(A) at night.

3. At least 15% of adults have permanent hearing damage due to noise exposure in US
4.In 2005-2006, 20% of US adolescents 12 to 19 years old had some degree of hearing loss. This is up from 15% as measured in 1988-1994.

 5.2% of all deaths from heart attacks in western Europe are caused by exposure to environmental noise. Source: WHO

6'.Areas near Heathrow with the highest levels of aircraft noise, for example, have a 24% increased incidence of hospital admissions due to stroke, a 21% increase for coronary heart disease and a 14% increase for cardiovascular disease compared with areas exposed to the lowest levels.

why ?need ?
In architecture attention is usually focused towards the visual awareness of space. Without listening, perception remains limited in individual experience; we are less connected to "here and now"; to our world; to a specific space. 

How sound defines space ?

how Aural architecture looks at sound as design?

: how sound defines space, creates realms of privacy or society, and produces a sense of place.

With environmental sound, LOUDNESS and the quality of REVERBERATION mainly determine the kind of space that is perceived, enclosed or open, large or small (see DIFFUSE SOUND FIELD,FREE FIELD). The sense of speeding motion is usually perceived by the presence of a DOPPLER EFFECT.

Buildings come to exist as sites of memory and imagination. Any built space, whether constructed for habitation or utility, resonates with the human activity that has occurred within it. Our experience of a space is influenced by many things; by knowledge of the functions of the space, by cultural associations, by memory and imagination. The way we experience a space is determined largely by our aural perception of that space. One can be in a room in complete darkness and yet still have a powerful sense of our own physical presence within it, through the sound of footfall, of the voice and even the sound of our our breath.

what is silence ?

The term 'silence' is not referring mere absence of sound, but the spatial atmosphere related to our independent sensory and mental state, which could be listened, observed, known and even touched.

What is aural architecture ?

What is aural architecture ?
In our techno-visual culture, the ascendancy of vision as the primary means for sensing the physical
world has undermined the importance of hearing. Yet the aural experience of an environment is
critically important to the social and emotional well-being of the inhabitants.Listening has been proved as the highest order among all other senses .You know Why ?
We dont listen only through our ears ,we listen through our whole body _by the vibrations .So a user can perceive a space through listening .
An aural space is thus an area where inhabitants can hear sonic events, and this definition of space is often unrelated to the visual experience.
However, we tend to only
recognize the aural architecture of a space when its hostile and corrosive acoustics transform
background sounds into a deafening roar.
Aural architecture2 refers to the human experience of sound-in-space; the aural architecture of a space modifies the experience of sound sources as well as providing a means for experiencing passive objects and geometries directly.
Aural architecture contains at least five types of spatiality:
 navigational,
social,
musical,
aesthetic,
and symbolic. 

Classification of sound

How to process Urban noise

How to process ?

Flow of  Water and birds chirp  has the capacity to curb Urban noise around us in the metropolitan cities . Flow of water and noise has the same frequency so when overlapped it  has the power to nullify the effect through the concept of Standing wave .As architects we do not consider the Aural experience of a space ,by increasing the greenery and flow of water as urban elements ,the experience is enhanced.

Render

Digital sketch of contrast sound scape